A, the principles of design

1. Functional principles of lighting design must meet the requirements of the function, according to different spaces, different occasions, different objects to choose different lighting methods and lamps, and to ensure the appropriate illumination and brightness. For example: the lighting design of the conference hall should use vertical lighting, requiring uniform distribution of brightness, to avoid glare, it is generally desirable to use comprehensive lighting fixtures.

2. The principle of aesthetics lighting is an important means of decorating and beautifying the environment and creating an artistic atmosphere. In order to decorate the indoor space, increase the level of space, rendering the environment atmosphere, the use of decorative lighting, the use of decorative lamps and lanterns is very important. In the theater buildings, commercial buildings and entertainment buildings in the environmental design, lighting has become part of the whole. Lamps not only play a role in ensuring lighting, but also pay close attention to its shape, material, color, proportion, scale, lamps have become an indispensable decorative space. Lighting designers through the light, dark, hidden, inhibition, strength and weak rhythmic control, give full play to the role of light and color, the use of transmission, reflection, refraction and other means to create a warm and soft, quiet and elegant, pleasant and romantic, glorious, magnificent, joyful and festive, rhythmic, mysterious and mysterious, confusing and other artistic mood atmosphere, adding a colorful living environment for people of interest.

3. The principle of economy lighting is not necessarily to more good, strong to win, the key is scientific and reasonable. Lighting design is to meet the needs of people's visual physiology and aesthetic psychology, so that indoor space to maximize the practical value and appreciation value, and to achieve the use of function and aesthetic function of unity. Flashy lighting is not only can not add flowers, but also add to the foot, while causing power consumption, energy waste and economic losses, and even cause light pollution and damage to health.

The standard of brightness of lighting, due to the use and distinguish the different requirements of clarity, the choice of standards also vary.

4. The principle of safety lighting design requires absolute safety and reliability. As the lighting from the power supply, must take strict anti-electrical shock, anti-breakage and other security measures to avoid accidents.

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Second, the performance of lighting

1. surface light performance surface light refers to the indoor canopy, walls and ground made of luminous surface. Canopy in the light is characterized by uniform illumination, sufficient light, a variety of forms of expression. Such as the ceiling with fluorescent lamps, light density are required to be consistent, to ensure that each space is well-lit; another example is the ceiling with a large area of downlight, the canopy has a regular bull's-eye lamp, as if the night sky star; and then combined with the canopy beam structure, designed as a light well, light from the well grid shot, to produce a unique spatial effect. Wall light is generally used for picture exhibitions. The wall is made into a hollow double wall, facing the display side of the wall made into a luminous wall, which is embedded with a number of glass frame, after the frame set up light projection device, forming a luminous exhibition wall. Large light box advertising also belongs to this type of lighting. Ground light is the ground into a luminous floor, usually set for the dance floor, colorful luminous floor, its light and color along with the rhythm of electronic sound and synchronous changes, greatly enhancing the artistic atmosphere of the stage performance. 2. with light performance so-called with light is the light source arranged into a long strip of light. Variety of performance forms, there are square, lattice, strip, strip grid, ring (circular, oval), triangular and other polygonal. Such as peripheral plane type light belt ceiling, peripheral recessed light belt ceiling, inner frame type light belt ceiling, inner frame recessed light belt ceiling, peripheral light belt floor, inner frame light belt floor, ring type light belt floor, upper cast light slot, ceiling recessed light slot, foot recessed light slot, etc. Long strip of light has a certain orientation, often used as a guide lighting in the environment design of public places with a lot of people, other geometric strip of light is generally used for decoration.

3. Point light performance point light is a small and concentrated light source. Because of its light brightness, mostly used in restaurants, bedrooms, study rooms and windows, stage and other places of direct lighting or focus lighting. Point light performance methods are diverse, there are top light, bottom light, smooth light, back light, side light, etc. Top light - top-down lighting, similar to direct daylight in the summer noon. Illuminated object projection is small, light and dark contrast is strong, not suitable for modeling light. Bottom light - bottom-up lighting, suitable for auxiliary light.

With the light - from the front of the lighting, projection flat, the light object color appears completely, but poor three-dimensional feeling. Backlighting - lighting from the rear, the outer contours of the illuminated object is clear, with artistic charm of the silhouette effect, is the art of photography and stage canopy in the common way of lighting.

Side light - light from the left and right and left, right, left, right and below the irradiation, lighting object projection is clear, three-dimensional sense of strong, rich layers, is the most acceptable way of lighting.

Hotel lighting

4. static lighting and flowing light static lighting - lamps and lanterns fixed, light static, no flickering light for static lighting. The vast majority of indoor lighting using static lighting, this type of lighting, the full use of light energy, and create a stable, soft, harmonious light environment atmosphere, suitable for schools, factories, office buildings, shopping malls, exhibitions and other places.

Flowing light - is the flow of lighting, it has a rich artistic expression, is the stage lighting and urban neon advertising design in the commonly used means. Such as the use of "chasing lights" on the stage, constantly chasing the moving actors, and as advertising lighting neon lights constantly flowing flashing, frequently changing color, not only to highlight the artistic image, but also rendering the artistic atmosphere of the environment.

5. Laser laser is a beam of light emitted by a laser. The media used to generate the laser beam are crystals, glass, gases (such as argon, krypton, helium-neon gas mixture, etc.) and dye solutions. Certain gas lasers have been used as light sources for lighting arts, of which helium-neon lasers are the most commonly used one, which produces red monochromatic light; argon ion lasers produce blue-green light and green light, these two wavelengths of light can be separated by diffraction grating to form two beams of different colors of monochromatic light.

Different dye lasers can produce any kind of laser in the wavelength range of 400 to 750 mm as needed. However, dye lasers are devices that work in a pulsed manner, and it must rely on its laser or electronic flash as the driving source.

Third, the types of lamps and lanterns and artistic effects with the rapid development of new technologies and materials, a wide variety of colors, shapes, light, color, shape and quality can be described as endless changes, lamps and lanterns not only provide lighting conditions for people's lives, and is an important finishing touch to the interior environment design. Luminaires can be divided into the following types according to the installation method. Suspended class - commonly known as chandeliers. There are general chandeliers, used for general indoor space; lanterns, used for luxurious and tall hall space; palace lamps, generally used for traditional classical style halls; telescopic chandeliers, using telescopic snake skin tube or telescopic chain for pendant, can be adjusted within a certain range according to the need to adjust the height of the lamps. Ceiling class - lamps and lanterns close to the ceiling. There are protruding ceiling lights, these lamps and lanterns are larger, can be used alone, can also be used in combination, the former for smaller spaces, the latter for larger spaces; embedded ceiling lights, lamps and lanterns embedded in the canopy, the combination of use to give the feeling of starry sky shine. Wall lamp class - wall lamp with wall and overhanging two kinds, installed in the wall and column. Wall lamp modeling requirements are decorative, suitable for a variety of spaces. Floor lamp - also known as the seat lamp, hotel rooms, reception rooms and other spaces of local lighting fixtures, is one of the indoor furnishings, with the role of decorative space. Table lamp - is located in the table, coffee table, low cabinet of the local lighting lamps in modern hotels, table lamps have become a characteristic decorative lighting means. Special lamps and lanterns - for a variety of specially manufactured lighting fixtures, such as chasing lights for stage performances, backlights, canopy floodlights, rotating lights, beam lights, meteor lights, etc.